Perspectives on push–pull chromophores derived from click-type [2 + 2] cycloaddition–retroelectrocyclization reactions of electron-rich alkynes and electron-deficient alkenes

• Michio Yamada

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2024, 20, 125–154, doi:10.3762/bjoc.20.13

• . This endeavor aims to delineate new directions for prospective applications of push–pull chromophores. Notably, in polymer chemistry, significant progress has been made in employing [2 + 2] CA–RE reactions for polymers as a valuable post-functionalization treatment [9][10]. However, this topic lies

Aromatic systems with two and three pyridine-2,6-dicarbazolyl-3,5-dicarbonitrile fragments as electron-transporting organic semiconductors exhibiting long-lived emissions

• Karolis Leitonas,
• Brigita Vigante,
• Dmytro Volyniuk,
• Audrius Bucinskas,
• Pavels Dimitrijevs,
• Sindija Lapcinska,
• Pavel Arsenyan and
• Juozas Vidas Grazulevicius

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2023, 19, 1867–1880, doi:10.3762/bjoc.19.139

• Karolis Leitonas Brigita Vigante Dmytro Volyniuk Audrius Bucinskas Pavels Dimitrijevs Sindija Lapcinska Pavel Arsenyan Juozas Vidas Grazulevicius Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu pl. 19, LT-50254, Kaunas, Lithuania Latvian Institute of

Radical chemistry in polymer science: an overview and recent advances

• Zixiao Wang,
• Feichen Cui,
• Yang Sui and
• Jiajun Yan

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2023, 19, 1580–1603, doi:10.3762/bjoc.19.116

• materials. Radical depolymerization, an efficient approach to destroy polymers, finds applications in two distinct fields, semiconductor industry and environmental protection. Polymer chemistry has largely diverged from organic chemistry with the fine division of modern science but polymer chemists

Clauson–Kaas pyrrole synthesis using diverse catalysts: a transition from conventional to greener approach

• Dileep Kumar Singh and
• Rajesh Kumar

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2023, 19, 928–955, doi:10.3762/bjoc.19.71

• . This methodology has been applied to diverse areas of chemistry, including natural product synthesis [45][46], medicinal chemistry [47][48], polymer chemistry [49][50] and porphyrin chemistry [51][52][53]. In recent years, green chemistry has become a widely used method for organic synthesis in order

Cyclodextrins as building blocks for new materials

• Miriana Kfoury and
• Sophie Fourmentin

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2023, 19, 889–891, doi:10.3762/bjoc.19.66

• biocompatible. Thus, these supra-architectures have a multitude of uses in food, biomedicine, regenerative medicine, cosmetics, molecular electronics, polymer chemistry, gold recovery, gas absorption, depollution, biochemical material sciences, nanotechnology, self-healing materials, 3D printing, and so on [19

Polymer chemistry: fundamentals and applications

• Bernhard V. K. J. Schmidt

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 2922–2923, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.200

• Bernhard V. K. J. Schmidt School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ Glasgow, UK 10.3762/bjoc.17.200 Keywords: polymer chemistry; Ever since the introduction of the term macromolecule and the early days of polymer science [1], organic chemistry and polymer chemistry have been closely

• related [2]. It only seems to be a logical step to give room for a thematic issue on polymer chemistry in the Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry. The connection between organic and polymer chemistry has been highlighted frequently [3][4], up to the point where one can talk about macroorganic chemistry

• , where oligomers bring molecular precision from organic chemistry together with materials properties from polymer chemistry [5]. Especially in the challenge of transformation to a more sustainable polymer science, organic chemistry can give significant support in the development of greener polymer

Exfoliated black phosphorous-mediated CuAAC chemistry for organic and macromolecular synthesis under white LED and near-IR irradiation

• Azra Kocaarslan,
• Zafer Eroglu,
• Önder Metin and
• Yusuf Yagci

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 2477–2487, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.164

• , Turkey King Abdulaziz University, Faculty of Science, Chemistry Department, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia 10.3762/bjoc.17.164 Abstract The development of long-wavelength photoinduced copper-catalyzed azide–alkyne click (CuAAC) reaction routes is attractive for organic and polymer chemistry. In this study

• to the CuII complex to form CuI capable of catalyzing the click reaction in a conventional manner. The applicability of the described click reaction to synthetic polymer chemistry was also demonstrated. For this purpose, polymer functionalization by using alkyne functional poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL

Constrained thermoresponsive polymers – new insights into fundamentals and applications

• Patricia Flemming,
• Alexander S. Münch,
• Andreas Fery and
• Petra Uhlmann

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 2123–2163, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.138

A recent overview on the synthesis of 1,4,5-trisubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles

• Pezhman Shiri,
• Ali Mohammad Amani and
• Thomas Mayer-Gall

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 1600–1628, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.114

Chiral isothiourea-catalyzed kinetic resolution of 4-hydroxy[2.2]paracyclophane

• David Weinzierl and
• Mario Waser

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 800–804, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.68

• polymer chemistry [1][2][7][8][9], these planar chiral molecules have been very successfully used in asymmetric catalysis [3][4][10][11][12]. Accordingly, the development of methods for the asymmetric synthesis of enantiomerically pure, or at least enantiomerically enriched, derivatives that can be

Synthesis and properties of quinazoline-based versatile exciplex-forming compounds

• Rasa Keruckiene,
• Simona Vekteryte,
• Ervinas Urbonas,
• Matas Guzauskas,
• Eigirdas Skuodis,
• Dmytro Volyniuk and
• Juozas V. Grazulevicius

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 1142–1153, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.101

• Rasa Keruckiene Simona Vekteryte Ervinas Urbonas Matas Guzauskas Eigirdas Skuodis Dmytro Volyniuk Juozas V. Grazulevicius Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, K. Baršausko g. 59, Kaunas 51423, Lithuania 10.3762/bjoc.16.101 Abstract Three compounds

Synthesis of esters of diaminotruxillic bis-amino acids by Pd-mediated photocycloaddition of analogs of the Kaede protein chromophore

• Esteban P. Urriolabeitia,
• Pablo Sánchez,
• Alexandra Pop,
• Cristian Silvestru,
• Eduardo Laga,
• Ana I. Jiménez and
• Carlos Cativiela

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 1111–1123, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.98

• applications as internal donors in Ziegler–Natta catalysts for polymerization [14] or as building blocks in polymer chemistry [15]. A very closely related group of cyclobutanes are the 1,3-diaminotruxillic ester derivatives (Figure 1b). This type of bis-amino esters also shows remarkable pharmacological

Aryl-substituted acridanes as hosts for TADF-based OLEDs

• Naveen Masimukku,
• Dalius Gudeika,
• Oleksandr Bezvikonnyi,
• Ihor Syvorotka,
• Rasa Keruckiene,
• Dmytro Volyniuk and
• Juozas V. Grazulevicius

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 989–1000, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.88

• Naveen Masimukku Dalius Gudeika Oleksandr Bezvikonnyi Ihor Syvorotka Rasa Keruckiene Dmytro Volyniuk Juozas V. Grazulevicius Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu pl. 19, LT-50254, Kaunas, Lithuania Scientific Research Company “Electron-Carat

Recent advances in Cu-catalyzed C(sp³)–Si and C(sp³)–B bond formation

• Balaram S. Takale,
• Ruchita R. Thakore,
• Elham Etemadi-Davan and
• Bruce H. Lipshutz

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 691–737, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.67

• interesting class of substrates for medicinal and polymer chemistry. Nevertheless, they can be transformed into a variety of building blocks for subsequent use in complex molecule synthesis. The first example of a copper-catalyzed C(sp3)–Si bond formation was reported by Oshima and co-workers in 1984 [25]. In

p-Pyridinyl oxime carbamates: synthesis, DNA binding, DNA photocleaving activity and theoretical photodegradation studies

• Panagiotis S. Gritzapis,
• Panayiotis C. Varras,
• Nikolaos-Panagiotis Andreou,
• Katerina R. Katsani,
• Konstantinos Dafnopoulos,
• George Psomas,
• Zisis V. Peitsinis,
• Alexandros E. Koumbis and
• Konstantina C. Fylaktakidou

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 337–350, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.33

• under reflux were identical, meaning that no isomerization or decomposition occurred and that the delivered product in both cases is the more thermodynamically stable. Interestingly, although carbamates are important in both medicinal and polymer chemistry, besides compound 23 [61], all the rest were

Enantioselective Diels–Alder reaction of anthracene by chiral tritylium catalysis

• Qichao Zhang,
• Jian Lv and
• Sanzhong Luo

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2019, 15, 1304–1312, doi:10.3762/bjoc.15.129

• widely used in inorganic and organic chemistry [24][25][26][27] as well as in polymer chemistry [28][29][30][31][32][33]. Although tritylium salts with various types of these counter anions based on B(III), Al(III), Ga(III), Fe(III), Nb(III), Ta(III), Y(III) and La(III) centers and ligands have been

Mechanochemical synthesis of poly(trimethylene carbonate)s: an example of rate acceleration

• Sora Park and
• Jeung Gon Kim

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2019, 15, 963–970, doi:10.3762/bjoc.15.93

• achieved by solution synthesis occur, which makes mechanochemistry a topic of rigorous research [6]. In the area of polymer chemistry, the use of mechanical forces has a long history. Strong mechanical forces can break covalent bonds, including strong C–C bonds, thus their utilization has generally focused

Aqueous olefin metathesis: recent developments and applications

• Valerio Sabatino and
• Thomas R. Ward

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2019, 15, 445–468, doi:10.3762/bjoc.15.39

• tremendous impact in organic synthesis, enabling a variety of applications in polymer chemistry, drug discovery and chemical biology. Although challenging, the possibility to perform aqueous metatheses has become an attractive alternative, not only because water is a more sustainable medium, but also to

• different research fields spanning polymer chemistry [11][12] to drug discovery [13][14][15]. Scheme 1 displays the most common metathesis reactions. The metathesis reaction mechanism, proposed by Chauvin in 1971, suggests that the reaction proceeds via the reversible formation of a metallacyclobutane

• performing catalysis in a more sustainable medium, it still remains challenging to achieve due to the detrimental effect of water. Despite this limitation, olefin metathesis widely contributes to polymer chemistry, drug discovery and biocatalysis. Several technologies relying on aqueous metathesis have been

Olefin metathesis in multiblock copolymer synthesis

• Maria L. Gringolts,
• Yulia I. Denisova,
• Eugene Sh. Finkelshtein and
• Yaroslav V. Kudryavtsev

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2019, 15, 218–235, doi:10.3762/bjoc.15.21

• . Keywords: ADMET; macromolecular cross metathesis; multiblock copolymers; olefin metathesis; ROMP; Introduction Nowadays, olefin metathesis has become a well-established field of organic and polymer chemistry. The discovery of metallocarbene initiators that are capable of catalyzing metathesis

Catalysis of linear alkene metathesis by Grubbs-type ruthenium alkylidene complexes containing hemilabile α,α-diphenyl-(monosubstituted-pyridin-2-yl)methanolato ligands

• Tegene T. Tole,
• Johan H. L. Jordaan and
• Hermanus C. M. Vosloo

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2019, 15, 194–209, doi:10.3762/bjoc.15.19

• in organic and polymer chemistry [1][2]. The development of metal alkylidene precatalysts based on ruthenium, starting with the so-called Grubbs 1 (1) and 2 (2) metal carbenes, played a major role to extend the versatility of the reaction including the application of these in industrial processes

Systematic synthetic study of four diastereomerically distinct limonene-1,2-diols and their corresponding cyclic carbonates

• Hiroshi Morikawa,
• Jun-ichi Yamaguchi,
• Shun-ichi Sugimura,
• Masato Minamoto,
• Yuuta Gorou,
• Hisatoyo Morinaga and
• Suguru Motokucho

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2019, 15, 130–136, doi:10.3762/bjoc.15.13

• significance, largely because LM derivatives with their versatile functionality can be effectively utilised in organic and polymer chemistry. (4R)-Limonene-1,2-diols (LMdiols) are some of the most important LM derivatives because they act as precursors of bioactive molecules [12][13][14]. Furthermore, LMdiol

Ruthenium-based olefin metathesis catalysts with monodentate unsymmetrical NHC ligands

• Veronica Paradiso,
• Chiara Costabile and
• Fabia Grisi

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018, 14, 3122–3149, doi:10.3762/bjoc.14.292

• carbon–carbon double bonds in various applications in both organic and polymer chemistry [1][2]. The great popularity of this methodology is mainly related to the development of well-defined ruthenium alkylidene catalysts with high air and moisture stability and functional group tolerance. Among them

Organometallic vs organic photoredox catalysts for photocuring reactions in the visible region

• Aude-Héloise Bonardi,
• Frédéric Dumur,
• Guillaume Noirbent,
• Jacques Lalevée and
• Didier Gigmes

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018, 14, 3025–3046, doi:10.3762/bjoc.14.282

• from adhesives, coatings, packaging materials, inks, paints, optics, 3D printing, microelectronics or textiles. From a synthetic viewpoint, photoredox catalysis, originally developed for organic chemistry, has recently been applied to the polymer synthesis, constituting a major breakthrough in polymer

• chemistry. Thanks to the development of photoredox catalysts of polymerization, a drastic reduction of the amount of photoinitiators could be achieved, addressing the toxicity and the extractability issues; high performance initiating abilities are still obtained due to the catalytic approach which

Selective formation of a zwitterion adduct and bicarbonate salt in the efficient CO₂ fixation by N-benzyl cyclic guanidine under dry and wet conditions

• Yoshiaki Yoshida,
• Naoto Aoyagi and
• Takeshi Endo

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018, 14, 2204–2211, doi:10.3762/bjoc.14.194

• only in the field of organic and catalyst chemistry but also in inorganic and polymer chemistry. Especially the adsorbent and the catalyst for CO2 fixation are of interest [1][2][3][4][5]. In particular, the inorganic, organic–inorganic hybrid, dendrimeric catalysts have been developed for chemical

Spatial effects in polymer chemistry

• Helmut Ritter

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2017, 13, 2015–2016, doi:10.3762/bjoc.13.198

• developments in materials science, for example in the field of medical technology, electronic communication, transport and energy technology, became only possible thanks to the extensive development in the field of polymer chemistry. Although a large number of polymeric materials have already taken their place